Systematic design of unitary space-time constellations

  • Authors:

  • B. M. Hochwald;T. L. Marzetta;T. J. Richardson;W. Sweldens;R. Urbanke

  • Affiliations:

  • Lucent Technol. Bell Labs., Murray Hill, NJ;-;-;-;-

  • Venue:
  • IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
  • Year:
  • 2006

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Abstract

We propose a systematic method for creating constellations of unitary space-time signals for multiple-antenna communication links. Unitary space-time signals, which are orthonormal in time across the antennas, have been shown to be well-tailored to a Rayleigh fading channel where neither the transmitter nor the receiver knows the fading coefficients. The signals can achieve low probability of error by exploiting multiple-antenna diversity. Because the fading coefficients are not known, the criterion for creating and evaluating the constellation is nonstandard and differs markedly from the familiar maximum-Euclidean-distance norm. Our construction begins with the first signal in the constellation-an oblong complex-valued matrix whose columns are orthonormal-and systematically produces the remaining signals by successively rotating this signal in a high-dimensional complex space. This construction easily produces large constellations of high-dimensional signals. We demonstrate its efficacy through examples involving one, two, and three transmitter antennas