Decentralized and energy-balanced algorithms for maintaining temporal full-coverage in mobile WSNs

  • Authors:

  • Chih-Yung Chang;Li-Ling Hung;Yun-Jung Lu;Sheng-Wen Chang;Yu-Chieh Chen

  • Affiliations:

  • Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Tamkang University, Tamsui, Taipei, Taiwan;Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Aletheia University, Tamsui, Taipei, Taiwan;Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Tamkang University, Tamsui, Taipei, Taiwan;Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Tamkang University, Tamsui, Taipei, Taiwan;Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, Tamkang University, Tamsui, Taipei, Taiwan

  • Venue:
  • Wireless Communications & Mobile Computing
  • Year:
  • 2012

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Abstract

Coverage is one of the most important issues in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). However, full coverage only can be achieved when surplus mobile sensors contribute a coverage area larger than the hole size. When there is no surplus mobile sensor to cover a big hole, previous studies have utilized mobile sensors by moving the hole from one location to another, therefore achieving temporal full-coverage, where each location on the monitoring region has been ever covered by mobile sensors during a fixed time interval. However, with only some mobile sensors participating in the hole-movement task, this results in an energy-imbalance WSN. This paper considers a mobile WSN that contains a big hole where there exists no redundant mobile sensor to heal the hole. Three distributed algorithms, called Basic, Forward-Only, and Any-Direction movement mechanisms, are proposed to achieve the purpose of temporal full-coverage in a way that the total energy consumption is minimized or that the energy consumption of all mobile sensors that participate in the hole-movement task are balanced. Simulation results reveal that the proposed hole-movement mechanisms enhance the coverage of WSNs and balance the energy consumption of mobile sensor nodes. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.