Autoimmunity arising from bystander proliferation of T cells in an immune response model

Authors:
N. J. Burroughs;M. Ferreira;B. M. P. M. Oliveira;A. A. Pinto
Affiliations:
Mathematics Institute, University of Warwick, UK;Escola Superior de Estudos Industriais e de Gestão, Instituto Politécnico do Porto, Portugal and Departamento de Matemática da Escola de Ciências da Universidade do Minho, Port ...;Faculdade de Ciências da Nutrição e Alimentação da Universidade do Porto, Portugal 11FCNAUP, R. Dr. Roberto Frias, 4250-465 Porto, Portugal.;Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, Portugal and Departamento de Matemática da Escola de Ciências da Universidade do Minho, Portugal
Venue:
Mathematical and Computer Modelling: An International Journal
Year:
2011

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Abstract

We study a mathematical model of immune response by T cells where the regulatory T cells (Treg) inhibit interleukin 2 secretion. The bystander proliferation to an immune response is modelled. We consider an asymmetry reflecting that the difference between the growth and death rates can be higher for the active T cells and Tregs than for the inactive. This asymmetry leads to a better understanding of the bystander proliferation. An exposure to a pathogen results in an increased proliferation rate of the bystander T cells. If the population of the bystander T cells becomes large enough, autoimmunity can arise, eventually after a long transient period.