Wide area traffic: the failure of Poisson modeling
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
SPNP: Stochastic Petri Net Package
PNPM '89 The Proceedings of the Third International Workshop on Petri Nets and Performance Models
Performance of TCP over ATM with time-varying available bandwidth
Computer Communications
On TCP performance in ATM networks with per-VC early packet discard mechanisms
Computer Communications
Traffic models in broadband networks
IEEE Communications Magazine
Packet loss performance of selective cell discard schemes in ATM switches
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
Analysis of discarding policies in high-speed networks
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
Packet Trains--Measurements and a New Model for Computer Network Traffic
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
Dynamics of TCP traffic over ATM networks
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
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In this paper, we develop a concise performance model of partial packet discard (PPD) and early packet discard (EPD) schemes in ATM switches. We study the performance of PPD and EPD with heterogeneous traffic sources. The sources included Poisson, and ON-OFF with long-tailed sojourn time distribution, which is approximated by a hyperexponential distribution. The fairness of EPD is investigated. We automatically generate and numerically solve the underlying Markov chain using a high-level graphical paradigm known as the stochastic reward net. Our numerical results reveal that: (1) the benefit of PPD and EPD is not significant when the queuing system is underloaded with Poisson sources; (2) PPD and EPD can increase the goodput when the system is overloaded or loaded with ON-OFF sources; (3) in All Poisson case, PPD and EPD provide nearly fair service to the sources; (4) the ON-OFF source gets higher goodput than the Poisson source. Because the burstiness of a source will be alleviated by the statistical multiplexing of ATM switches, the ON-OFF source may be viewed as the source that just enters the network, and the Poisson source may be viewed as the source being far away from the network node we are considering and has been regulated and smoothed by the switches it traversed. Therefore, the queuing system with EPD algorithm gives a higher goodput to the sources near it. And the sources far away from the system will have lower goodput. One of our principal conclusions is that per-VC-based scheme is not needed at the core of large ATM networks because the traffic is less bursty at the core of the networks and PPD and EPD are fair under this kind of environment. A per-VC-based scheme may be used at the edge of the ATM cloud. Such a configuration can make the core of the ATM network work at high speed.