Directed diffusion: a scalable and robust communication paradigm for sensor networks
MobiCom '00 Proceedings of the 6th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Topology management for sensor networks: exploiting latency and density
Proceedings of the 3rd ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking & computing
Wireless sensor networks: a survey
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Directed diffusion for wireless sensor networking
IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)
Energy-Efficient Communication Protocol for Wireless Microsensor Networks
HICSS '00 Proceedings of the 33rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences-Volume 8 - Volume 8
Energy-Optimal and Energy-Balanced Sorting in a Single-Hop Wireless Sensor Network
PERCOM '03 Proceedings of the First IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications
Energy-aware data-centric routing in microsensor networks
MSWIM '03 Proceedings of the 6th ACM international workshop on Modeling analysis and simulation of wireless and mobile systems
Energy Efficient Protocols for Sensing Multiple Events in Smart Dust Networks
ANSS '04 Proceedings of the 37th annual symposium on Simulation
Efficient and robust protocols for local detection and propagation in smart dust networks
Mobile Networks and Applications
Maximizing the functional lifetime of sensor networks
IPSN '05 Proceedings of the 4th international symposium on Information processing in sensor networks
Energy optimal data propagation in wireless sensor networks
Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing
Energy balanced data propagation in wireless sensor networks
Wireless Networks
Hi-index | 0.00 |
We investigate the problem of how to achieve energy balanced data propagation in distributed wireless sensor networks. The energy balance property guarantees that the average per sensor energy dissipation is the same for all sensors in the network, throughout the execution of the data propagation protocol. This property is crucial for prolonging the network lifetime, by avoiding early energy depletion of sensors. We survey representative solutions from the state of the art. We first present a basic algorithm that in each step probabilistically decides whether to propagate data one-hop towards the final destination (the sink), or to send it directly to the sink. This randomized choice trades-off the (cheap, but slow) one-hop transmissions with the direct transmissions to the sink, which are more expensive but bypass the bottleneck region around the sink and propagate data fast. By a detailed analysis using properties of stochastic processes and recurrence relations we precisely estimate (even in closed form) the probability for each propagation option necessary for energy balance. The fact (shown by our analysis) that direct (expensive) transmissions to the sink are needed only rarely, shows that our protocol, besides energy balanced, is also energy efficient. We then enhance this basic result by surveying some recent findings including a generalized algorithm and demonstrating the optimality of this two-way probabilistic data propagation, as well as providing formal proofs of the energy optimality of the energy balance property.