The society of mind
Intelligence without representation
Artificial Intelligence
Cellular automata: theory and experiment
Cellular automata: theory and experiment
Fluid concepts and creative analogies: computer models of the fundamental mechanisms of thought
Fluid concepts and creative analogies: computer models of the fundamental mechanisms of thought
ICSE '91 Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Software engineering
RoboCup-97: Robot Soccer World Cup I
RoboCup-97: Robot Soccer World Cup I
Making inconsistency respectable: a logical framework for inconsistency in reasoning
FAIR '91 Proceedings of the International Workshop on Fundamentals of Artificial Intelligence Research
The complexity of perceptual search tasks
IJCAI'89 Proceedings of the 11th international joint conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 2
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Contradiction is often seen as a defect of intelligent systems and a dangerous limitation on efficiency. In this paper we raise the question of whether, on the contrary, it could be considered a key tool in increasing intelligence in biological structures. A possible way of answering this question in a mathematical context is shown, formulating a proposition that suggests a link between intelligence and contradiction. A concrete approach is presented in the well-defined setting of cellular automata. Here we define the models of ''observer'', ''entity'', ''environment'', ''intelligence,'' and ''contradiction''. These definitions, which roughly correspond to the common meaning of these words, allow us to deduce a simple but strong result about these concepts in an unbiased, mathematical manner. Evidence for a real-world counterpart to the demonstrated formal link between intelligence and contradiction is provided by three computational experiments.