Depth-first iterative-deepening: an optimal admissible tree search
Artificial Intelligence
Learning internal representations by error propagation
Parallel distributed processing: explorations in the microstructure of cognition, vol. 1
Information and Computation
Genetic programming II: automatic discovery of reusable programs
Genetic programming II: automatic discovery of reusable programs
Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence - Special issue on heuristic search in artificial intelligence
Disjoint pattern database heuristics
Artificial Intelligence - Chips challenging champions: games, computers and Artificial Intelligence
Machine Discovery of Effective Admissible Heuristics
Machine Learning
Searching with Pattern Databases
AI '96 Proceedings of the 11th Biennial Conference of the Canadian Society for Computational Studies of Intelligence on Advances in Artificial Intelligence
Learning While -Solving Problems in Single Agent Search: Preliminary Results
AI*IA '95 Proceedings of the 4th Congress of the Italian Association for Artificial Intelligence on Topics in Artificial Intelligence
Duality in permutation state spaces and the dual search algorithm
Artificial Intelligence
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The Journal of Machine Learning Research
Scaling Search with Pattern Databases
Model Checking and Artificial Intelligence
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Proceedings of the 2008 conference on ECAI 2008: 18th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence
GP-rush: using genetic programming to evolve solvers for the rush hour puzzle
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Dual search in permutation state spaces
AAAI'06 proceedings of the 21st national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 2
External-memory pattern databases using structured duplicate detection
AAAI'05 Proceedings of the 20th national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 3
Learning from multiple heuristics
AAAI'08 Proceedings of the 23rd national conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1
The FF planning system: fast plan generation through heuristic search
Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research
The fast downward planning system
Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research
A general theory of additive state space abstractions
Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research
A selective macro-learning algorithm and its application to the N × N sliding-tile puzzle
Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research
Dual lookups in pattern databases
IJCAI'05 Proceedings of the 19th international joint conference on Artificial intelligence
Limited discrepancy beam search
IJCAI'05 Proceedings of the 19th international joint conference on Artificial intelligence
Relative-Order Abstractions for the Pancake Problem
Proceedings of the 2010 conference on ECAI 2010: 19th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence
Linear-space best-first search: summary of results
AAAI'92 Proceedings of the tenth national conference on Artificial intelligence
Finding optimal solutions to Rubik's cube using pattern databases
AAAI'97/IAAI'97 Proceedings of the fourteenth national conference on artificial intelligence and ninth conference on Innovative applications of artificial intelligence
Hierarchical heuristic search revisited
SARA'05 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Abstraction, Reformulation and Approximation
Solving the 24 puzzle with instance dependent pattern databases
SARA'05 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Abstraction, Reformulation and Approximation
Learning while solving problems in best first search
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans
Stratified tree search: a novel suboptimal heuristic search algorithm
Proceedings of the 2013 international conference on Autonomous agents and multi-agent systems
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We investigate the use of machine learning to create effective heuristics for search algorithms such as IDA^@? or heuristic-search planners such as FF. Our method aims to generate a sequence of heuristics from a given weak heuristic h"0 and a set of unsolved training instances using a bootstrapping procedure. The training instances that can be solved using h"0 provide training examples for a learning algorithm that produces a heuristic h"1 that is expected to be stronger than h"0. If h"0 is so weak that it cannot solve any of the given instances we use random walks backward from the goal state to create a sequence of successively more difficult training instances starting with ones that are guaranteed to be solvable by h"0. The bootstrap process is then repeated using h"i in lieu of h"i"-"1 until a sufficiently strong heuristic is produced. We test this method on the 24-sliding-tile puzzle, the 35-pancake puzzle, Rubik@?s Cube, and the 20-blocks world. In every case our method produces a heuristic that allows IDA^@? to solve randomly generated problem instances quickly with solutions close to optimal. The total time for the bootstrap process to create strong heuristics for these large state spaces is on the order of days. To make the process effective when only a single problem instance needs to be solved, we present a variation in which the bootstrap learning of new heuristics is interleaved with problem-solving using the initial heuristic and whatever heuristics have been learned so far. This substantially reduces the total time needed to solve a single instance, while the solutions obtained are still close to optimal.