Spectrum sensing and power/rate control in CDMA cognitive radio networks

  • Authors:
  • Siavash Ghavami;Bahman Abolhassani

  • Affiliations:
  • School of Electrical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846, Iran;School of Electrical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846, Iran

  • Venue:
  • International Journal of Communication Systems
  • Year:
  • 2012

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Abstract

In this paper, a two-phase algorithm for the spectrum sensing and power/rate control of a secondary user (S-user) or cognitive radio is proposed. In the first phase, the primary base station (P-BS), which is conscious of both the number and the data rate of primary active users (P-user), broadcasts theitusage capacity percentage (UCP) of its cell. Since knowing only the UCP is not enough to guarantee that the total load (of P-users and S-users) is less than a maximum permissible load, the S-user must measure the total interference received from both the P-users and other S-users. In this direction, using both the UCP and measurement of the interference received from the P-users and the S-users by the S-user or secondary base station (S-BS), we mathematically derive an equation for issuing data transmission permission, which if it is held then the second phase of the algorithm: the transmit power/rate control starts. In this phase, the S-user and the S-BS look for feasible values for the transmit power level and transmission rate. If there are feasible values, it starts its transmission at these feasible transmit power and rate. Since both the location of the S-user and the channel condition vary in time, the whole algorithm is iterated periodically with a period faster than the coherence time of the channel. Furthermore, we consider the down link of the above system with cooperation among neighboring S-users to overcome fading channels and we investigate the amount of improvement in the reliability of the issuing data transmission permission. As well, we consider the uplink of the system with multiple antennas in the S-BS to investigate the improvement in the same parameter over spatially correlated and independent fading channels. Theoretical analysis is validated using computer simulations. Both theoretical analysis and computer simulations show that the proposed cooperative spectrum sensing algorithm performs properly at SNR = −5dB in flat Nakagami-m fading channels with m = 1 even in correlated fading channels. We also address the improvement of the reliability of the issuing data transmission permission in the uplink in case of using multiple antennas only in the S-BS. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.