Analysis of Christofides' heuristic: Some paths are more difficult than cycles

  • Authors:
  • J. A. Hoogeveen

  • Affiliations:
  • Centre for Mathematics and Computer Science, P.O. Box 4079, 1009 AB Amsterdam, Netherlands

  • Venue:
  • Operations Research Letters
  • Year:
  • 1991

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Abstract

For the traveling salesman problem in which the distances satisfy the triangle inequality, Christofides' heuristic produces a tour whose length is guaranteed to be less than 32 times the optimum tour length. We investigate the performance of appropriate modifications of this heuristic for the problem of finding a shortest Hamiltonian path. There are three variants of this problem, depending on the number of prespecified endpoints: zero, one, or two. It is not hard to see that, for the first two problems, the worst-case performance ratio of a Christofides-like heuristic is still 32. For the third case, we show that the ratio is 53 and that this bound is tight.