Stochastic approximation for Monte Carlo optimization
WSC '86 Proceedings of the 18th conference on Winter simulation
Likelilood ratio gradient estimation: an overview
WSC '87 Proceedings of the 19th conference on Winter simulation
Regenerative Simulation with Internal Controls
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
An Introduction to the Regenerative Method for Simulation Analysis
An Introduction to the Regenerative Method for Simulation Analysis
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We apply the method of concomitant control variables to reduce the variance of derivative estimates obtained from regenerative simulations using the likelihood ratio method. We restrict our attention to systems that contain a Poisson process. The control variables that we use arise naturally from likelihood ratios. After deriving an expression for the optimal coefficients of the control variables, we numerically investigate their performance. Using six controls with an M/G/1 queue we achieve a reduction in the standard deviation of the derivative estimate of up to 60%.