Demonstration of the Cinema system
MULTIMEDIA '96 Proceedings of the fourth ACM international conference on Multimedia
An adaptive protocol for synchronizing media streams
Multimedia Systems
Nsync—a toolkit for building interactive multimedia presentations
MULTIMEDIA '98 Proceedings of the sixth ACM international conference on Multimedia
Distributed Multimedia Application Configuration Management
IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems
Multimedia meets computer graphics in SMIL2.0: a time model for the web
Proceedings of the 11th international conference on World Wide Web
Nsync: a constraint based Toolkit for multimedia
TCLTK'97 Proceedings of the 5th conference on Annual Tcl/Tk Workshop 1997 - Volume 5
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Synchronization plays an important role in multimedia systems at various levels of abstraction. We propose a set of powerful abstractions for controlling and synchronizing continuous media streams in distributed environments. The proposed abstractions are based on a very general computation model, that allows media streams to be processed (i.e. produced, consumed or transformed) by arbitrarily structured networks of linked components. Further, compound components can be composed of existing ones to provide higher levels of abstractions. The clock abstraction is provided to control individual media streams, i.e., streams can be started, paused or scaled by issuing the appropriate clock operations. Clock hierarchies are used hierarchically group related streams, where each clock in the hierarchy identities and controls a certain group, or subgroup of streams. Control and synchronization requirements can be expressed in a uniform manner by associating group members with control or synchronisation attributes. An important property of the concept of clock hierarchy is that it can be combined in a natural way with component nesting