Modified hidden Semi-Markov model for modelling the flat fading channel
IEEE Transactions on Communications
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Ray-tracing techniques have proven to be very useful for the analysis and design of wireless systems both in urban microcells and in indoor picocells. At present, the optimization of these techniques enables not only the signal mean level but also the local statistics to be estimated accurately, which is of great practical importance. A wide range of comparisons between measurements and simulations confirming this have been carried out by the authors, and some examples are presented. The most interesting contribution of this paper is that starting from the signal information at one single point, obtained using ray-tracing techniques, it is possible to estimate the signal statistics in a local area of that point. This possibility substantially reduces the local statistics calculation time, confirming the idea that an efficient site specific channel model might be feasible. Finally, it is also shown that ray-tracing techniques are able to accurately estimate the first- and second-order statistics in those environments where the Clarke (1968) or isotropic scattering model is not applicable