Outage analysis of the hybrid free-space optical and radio-frequency channel
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications - Special issue on optical wireless communications
Alamouti coding for indoor optical wireless communications using ACO-OFDM
Asilomar'09 Proceedings of the 43rd Asilomar conference on Signals, systems and computers
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Performance bounds of free space optical (FSO) systems with multiple laser transmitters and multiple avalanche photodetectors (APDs) are evaluated for terrestrial, line-of- sight communication. Specifically, analytical upper bounds on average uncoded error rate in turbulent multiple-input multiple- output (MIMO) channels with Q-ary pulse position modulation (PPM) are derived for arbitrary observable densities, and are used to quantify APD-based performance improvements over pin detector arrays in non-fading, lognormal, and negative exponential channels. Moreover, it is shown that despite the high complexity of APD array statistics, these performance gains can be accurately predicted using a jointly-Gaussian model for APD array outputs. Both maximum likelihood (ML) and sub-optimal combining rules are derived, and a simple equal gain combiner (EGC) that performs close to optimum is demonstrated. Finally, APD gain selection is discussed.