Infinite Hidden Markov Models for Unusual-Event Detection in Video

Authors:
I. Pruteanu-Malinici;L. Carin
Affiliations:
Duke Univ., Durham;-
Venue:
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Year:
2008

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Abstract

We address the problem of unusual-event detection in a video sequence. Invariant subspace analysis (ISA) is used to extract features from the video, and the time-evolving properties of these features are modeled via an infinite hidden Markov model (iHMM), which is trained using ldquonormalrdquo/ldquotypicalrdquo video. The iHMM retains a full posterior density function on all model parameters, including the number of underlying HMM states. Anomalies (unusual events) are detected subsequently if a low likelihood is observed when associated sequential features are submitted to the trained iHMM. A hierarchical Dirichlet process framework is employed in the formulation of the iHMM. The evaluation of posterior distributions for the iHMM is achieved in two ways: via Markov chain Monte Carlo and using a variational Bayes formulation. Comparisons are made to modeling based on conventional maximum-likelihood-based HMMs, as well as to Dirichlet-process-based Gaussian-mixture models.