Flicker compensation for archived film sequences using a segmentation-based nonlinear model
EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing
Intensity Flicker Removal in Digitized Old Films Using Global-Local Histogram Transform
PCM '09 Proceedings of the 10th Pacific Rim Conference on Multimedia: Advances in Multimedia Information Processing
Automatic detection and restoration of frame pixel-shift in videos
Multimedia Tools and Applications
Efficient optimization of inpainting scheme and line scratch detection for old film restoration
PRICAI'06 Proceedings of the 9th Pacific Rim international conference on Artificial intelligence
Stabilization of Flicker-Like Effects in Image Sequences through Local Contrast Correction
SIAM Journal on Imaging Sciences
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A new model for the correction of flicker in archived film sequences is formulated from first principles. The model takes into account the Hurter-Driffield density versus log exposure characteristic to estimate image intensity errors caused by exposure inconsistencies. The model is shown to be highly nonlinear and can accommodate typical grayscale manipulations performed during film-to-video transfers. Motivated by the above model, an algorithm for the estimation of a correction profile across the available grayscale is developed. This profile is obtained from histogrammed gray-level differences between a reference and a degraded frame and is robust with respect to intensity changes due to scene and camera motion. Our results show that the proposed algorithm is very effective toward removing flicker for a variety of archived sequences and compares favorably with other state-of-the-art techniques developed for the same purpose. Additionally, the parametric form of the profile makes it particularly suitable for metadata use and allows fast inversion of the restoration process and recovery of the original material.