Robust Real-Time Face Detection
International Journal of Computer Vision
Synergy of Lip-Motion and Acoustic Features in Biometric Speech and Speaker Recognition
IEEE Transactions on Computers
Lip-reading with discriminative deformable models
Machine Graphics & Vision International Journal
Audio-visual speech modeling for continuous speech recognition
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
A review of speech-based bimodal recognition
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
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The following paper describes a novel lipreading procedure based on dynamic programming. We proposed a new method of outer lip contour extraction and representation. Lip shapes, corresponding to selected group of visems, are firstly extracted using dynamic programming and then approximated by B-splines. Coordinates of B-spline control points form final feature vector used for visem recognition task. The discontinuity of lip gradient image is addressed by dynamic programming technique. This has the advantage of global minimum detection and consequently optimal lip contour extraction. Experiments for Polish language utterances show that seven classes of visems can be recognized with 75% accuracy.