Fast multiresolution image querying
SIGGRAPH '95 Proceedings of the 22nd annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
IRM: integrated region matching for image retrieval
MULTIMEDIA '00 Proceedings of the eighth ACM international conference on Multimedia
Parallel traversal of signature trees for fast CBIR
MULTIMEDIA '01 Proceedings of the 2001 ACM workshops on Multimedia: multimedia information retrieval
Computation offloading to save energy on handheld devices: a partition scheme
CASES '01 Proceedings of the 2001 international conference on Compilers, architecture, and synthesis for embedded systems
Modeling the Shape of the Scene: A Holistic Representation of the Spatial Envelope
International Journal of Computer Vision
Color and Shape Index for Region-Based Image Retrieval
IWVF-4 Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Visual Form
Proceedings of the 40th annual Design Automation Conference
Automatic Linguistic Indexing of Pictures by a Statistical Modeling Approach
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Supporting interactive invocation of remote services within an integrated programming environment
PPPJ '03 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Principles and practice of programming in Java
Similarity between Euclidean and cosine angle distance for nearest neighbor queries
Proceedings of the 2004 ACM symposium on Applied computing
Parametric analysis for adaptive computation offloading
Proceedings of the ACM SIGPLAN 2004 conference on Programming language design and implementation
Studying Energy Trade Offs in Offloading Computation/Compilation in Java-Enabled Mobile Devices
IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems
A computation offloading scheme on handheld devices
Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing - Special issue on middleware
Tactics-based remote execution for mobile computing
Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Mobile systems, applications and services
Performance Analysis of a CBIR System on Shared-Memory Systems and Heterogeneous Clusters
CAMP '05 Proceedings of the Seventh International Workshop on Computer Architecture for Machine Perception
Photo-to-Search: Using Camera Phones to Inquire of the Surrounding World
MDM '06 Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Mobile Data Management
Local image representations using pruned salient points with applications to CBIR
MULTIMEDIA '06 Proceedings of the 14th annual ACM international conference on Multimedia
Comparison of CBIR Systems with Different Number of Feature Vector Components
SMAP '07 Proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Semantic Media Adaptation and Personalization
Image retrieval: Ideas, influences, and trends of the new age
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Color-based image retrieval using perceptually modified Hausdorff distance
Journal on Image and Video Processing - Color in Image and Video Processing
Semi-supervised learning of object categories from paired local features
CIVR '08 Proceedings of the 2008 international conference on Content-based image and video retrieval
Energy conservation by adaptive feature loading for mobile content-based image retrieval
Proceedings of the 13th international symposium on Low power electronics and design
Adaptive computation offloading for energy conservation on battery-powered systems
ICPADS '07 Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Systems - Volume 01
Garment Image Retrieval on the Web with Ubiquitous Camera-Phone
APSCC '08 Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE Asia-Pacific Services Computing Conference
Tree Histogram Coding for Mobile Image Matching
DCC '09 Proceedings of the 2009 Data Compression Conference
iScope: personalized multi-modality image search for mobile devices
Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Mobile systems, applications, and services
Why meaningful automatic tagging of images is very hard
ICME'09 Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE international conference on Multimedia and Expo
Improving social tag-based image retrieval with CBIR technique
ICADL'10 Proceedings of the role of digital libraries in a time of global change, and 12th international conference on Asia-Pacific digital libraries
Searching the web with mobile images for location recognition
CVPR'04 Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE computer society conference on Computer vision and pattern recognition
Surveying the reality of semantic image retrieval
VISUAL'05 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Visual Information and Information Systems
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
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Mobile systems such as PDAs and cell phones play an increasing role in handling visual contents such as images. Thousands of images can be stored in a mobile system with the advances in storage technology: this creates the need for better organization and retrieval of these images. Content Based Image Retrieval (CBIR) is a method to retrieve images based on their visual contents. In CBIR, images are compared by matching their numerical representations called features; CBIR is computation and memory intensive and consumes significant amounts of energy. This article examines energy conservation for CBIR on mobile systems. We present three improvements to save energy while performing the computation on the mobile system: selective loading, adaptive loading, and caching features in memory. Using these improvements adaptively reduces the features to be loaded into memory for each search. The reduction is achieved by estimating the difficulty of the search. If the images in the collection are dissimilar, fewer features are sufficient; less computation is performed and energy can be saved. We also consider the effect of consecutive user queries and show how features can be cached in memory to save energy. We implement a CBIR algorithm on an HP iPAQ hw6945 and show that these improvements can save energy and allow CBIR to scale up to 50,000 images on a mobile system. We further investigate if energy can be saved by migrating parts of the computation to a server, called computation offloading. We analyze the impact of the wireless bandwidth, server speed, number of indexed images, and the number of image queries on the energy consumption. Using our scheme, CBIR can be made energy efficient under all conditions.