Applying electric field sensing to human-computer interfaces
CHI '95 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Field mice: extracting hand geometry from electric field measurements
IBM Systems Journal
Multi-Camera Multi-Person Tracking for EasyLiving
VS '00 Proceedings of the Third IEEE International Workshop on Visual Surveillance (VS'2000)
Electric field imaging
The cricket indoor location system
The cricket indoor location system
Proactive Fuzzy Control and Adaptation Methods for Smart Homes
IEEE Intelligent Systems
Wideband powerline positioning for indoor localization
UbiComp '08 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Ubiquitous computing
Pervasive '08 Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Pervasive Computing
Evidential fusion of sensor data for activity recognition in smart homes
Pervasive and Mobile Computing
TileTrack: Capacitive human tracking using floor tiles
PERCOM '09 Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications
Human tracking using electric fields
PERCOM '09 Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications
A smart home application to eldercare: Current status and lessons learned
Technology and Health Care - Smart Environments: Technology to Support Healthcare
New research perspectives on Ambient Intelligence
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments
Modeling and intelligibility in ambient environments
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments
Distributed recognition of human actions using wearable motion sensor networks
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments
Recognition of hand movements using wearable accelerometers
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments
Support for context-aware monitoring in home healthcare
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments
Activity recognition in the home using a hierarchal framework with object usage data
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments
Experiences from interaction design for NFC applications
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments
Inter-organization cooperation for ambient assisted living
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments
Emulation framework for the design and development of active RFID tag systems
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments
Integral framework for acquiring and evolving situations in smart environments
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments
Activity recognition using temporal evidence theory
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments
Clustering based fuzzy logic for multimodal sensor networks: A preprocessing to decision fusion
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments
An intervention mechanism for assistive living in smart homes
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments
Environmental user-preference learning for smart homes: An autonomous approach
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments
Human body tracking with electric field ranging
Proceedings of the 14th International Academic MindTrek Conference: Envisioning Future Media Environments
PlaceComm: A framework for context-aware applications in place-based virtual communities
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments
Supporting peace of mind and independent living with the Aurama awareness system
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments
Multi-camera vision for smart environments
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments
Video based technology for ambient assisted living: A review of the literature
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments
A hybrid probabilistic neural model for person tracking based on a ceiling-mounted camera
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments
Computer vision for ambient intelligence
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments
A framework for adapting interactive systems to user behavior
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments
Learning frequent behaviours of the users in Intelligent Environments
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments
Tracking with high-density, large-scale wireless sensor networks
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments
Survey of Wireless Indoor Positioning Techniques and Systems
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part C: Applications and Reviews
Unobtrusive human height and posture recognition with a capacitive sensor
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments
Routine as resource for the design of learning systems
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments
Capacitive 3D user tracking with a mobile demonstration platform
Proceeding of the 16th International Academic MindTrek Conference
Testing context-aware services based on smartphones by agent based social simulation
Journal of Ambient Intelligence and Smart Environments - Intelligent agents in Ambient Intelligence and smart environments
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In smart homes, unobtrusive monitoring of user position and activity are important but challenging tasks. With the current state of technology, this task is especially hard to carry out in private areas where video surveillance is considered undesirable or even offensive. Even though some alternative methods for passive and unobtrusive monitoring of people have been proposed in the past, we still do not have a simple method that could be used to measure user position and activities as a single practical solution. To fulfill this need, this paper presents a single privacy-preserving method to measure user position and activity which can easily be adapted to measure the subject's height and posture as well. The system proposed in this paper can locate a person at floor level and monitor the subject's interaction with common household items such as a bed, sofa, table or refrigerator. The measurement method is based on the conductivity of the human body and on capacitive coupling of low-frequency signals between electrodes embedded in the floor and the in the environment. A test system was built for the TUT Smart Home and was evaluated with multiple test subjects, including a two-week-long living test to show the system's potential in long-term monitoring applications. The results show that a standing person can be positioned to within either 7 or 11-cm accuracy at a 90% confidence level using 30 × 30-cm and 60 × 60-cm-sized transmitting floor electrodes, respectively. For people walking, the respective accuracies are 17 and 33 cm. According to the long-term test results, the interactions with the environment were detected accurately. All the test data from this long-term living test, including the person's position, contact with common household items as well as the user annotations, have been made public and are available for download.