Function-valued mappings, total variation and compressed sensing for diffusion MRI

  • Authors:
  • O. Michailovich;D. La Torre;Edward R. Vrscay

  • Affiliations:
  • Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada;Department of Economics, Business and Statistics, University of Milan, Italy;Department of Applied Mathematics, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada

  • Venue:
  • ICIAR'12 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Image Analysis and Recognition - Volume Part II
  • Year:
  • 2012

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Abstract

Being the only imaging modality capable of delineating the anatomical structure of the white matter, diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) is currently believed to provide a long-awaited means for early diagnosis of various neurological conditions as well as for interrogating the brain connectivity. Despite substantial advances in practical use of dMRI, a solid mathematical platform for modelling and treating dMRI signals still seems to be missing. Accordingly, in this paper, we show how a Hilbert space of $\mathbb{L}^2$-valued mappings $u: X \to \mathbb{L}^2({\mathbb{S}^2})$, with X being a subset of ℝ3 and $\mathbb{L}^2({\mathbb{S}^2})$ being the set of squared-integrable functions supported on the unit sphere ${\mathbb{S}^2}$, provides a natural setting for a specific example of dMRI, known as high-angular resolution diffusion imaging. The proposed formalism is also shown to provide a basis for image processing schemes such as total variation minimization. Finally, we discuss a way to amalgamate the proposed models with the tools of compressed sensing to achieve a close-to-perfect recovery of diffusion signals from a minimal number of their discrete measurements. The main outcomes of this paper are supported by a series of experimental results.