IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
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Electrophysiology procedures such as catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation are non-invasive approaches for treating heart arrhythmia. These operations necessitate contrast liquid injections for the left atrium and pulmonary veins to be visible under fluoroscopy. However, injections have to be minimized because of their toxicity. To provide visual guidance after the contrast liquid has washed away, it is possible to overlay a mesh of the left atrium obtained from a pre-operative 3D volume over the intra-operative 2D fluoroscopic images. This paper presents a novel mesh-based registration algorithm providing such an overlay by registering the left atrium mesh to fluoroscopic images showing contrast liquid injection. The registration is based on image bisections generated by mesh projections, which bypasses the original volumetric data and digitally reconstructed radiographs generation. The algorithm was validated on 7 clinical datasets and registers with a mean target registration error of 6.56 ± 2.67mm.