Optimal number of annuli for maximizing the lifetime of sensor networks
Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing
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The most effective way to maximize the lifetime of a wireless sensor network (WSN) is to allocate initial energy to sensors such that they exhaust their energy at the same time. The lifetime of a WSN as well as an optimal initial energy allocation are determined by a network design. The main contribution of the paper is to show that the lifetime of a WSN can be maximized by an optimal network design. We represent the network lifetime as a function of the number $m$ of annuli and show that $m$ has significant impact on network lifetime. We prove that if the energy consumed by data transmission is proportional to $d^\alpha+c$, where $d$ is the distance of data transmission and $\alpha$ and $c$ are some constants, then for a circular area of interest with radius $R$, the optimal number of annuli that maximizes the network lifetime is $m=R((\alpha-1)/c)^{1/\alpha}$ for a uniform sensor distribution.