IEEE Transactions on Computers
An Objective Distortion Measure for Binary Document Images Based on Human Visual Perception
ICPR '02 Proceedings of the 16 th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR'02) Volume 4 - Volume 4
A novel image-hiding scheme based on block difference
Pattern Recognition
A robust associative watermarking technique based on similarity diagrams
Pattern Recognition
Reversible hiding in DCT-based compressed images
Information Sciences: an International Journal
A high quality steganographic method with pixel-value differencing and modulus function
Journal of Systems and Software
Adaptive watermark mechanism for rightful ownership protection
Journal of Systems and Software
Attacking visible watermarking schemes
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
Data hiding in binary image for authentication and annotation
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
Pattern-Based Data Hiding for Binary Image Authentication by Connectivity-Preserving
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
Tailored reversible watermarking schemes for authentication of electronic clinical atlas
IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine
Secret and public key image watermarking schemes for image authentication and ownership verification
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Reversible watermark using the difference expansion of a generalized integer transform
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Reversible data embedding into images using wavelet techniques and sorting
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
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In this paper, watermarking authentication schemes for binary images are investigated. Dual-Pair Blocks (DPBs), 2 × 2 blocks with two black and two white pixels, are employed as the basic units of information embedding. With 6 distinctive patterns obtained by pixel patterns, a DPB can be represented by a senary value as the embedding information. Variable length coding is adopted to enhance the information embedding capacity of the DPB. The secret key of the watermarking is a pseudo random function with a seed value, which selects DPBs for information embedding. Based on the aforementioned framework, two novel watermarking schemes are presented. The first one, named dual-pair block authentication (DPBA), is an irreversible one featuring high information embedding capacity, and well visual quality. The second scheme, named senary Huffman compression authentication (SHCA) scheme, supports reversible watermarking unique in the literature. Matching-pair technique is further employed both schemes to reduce the number of altered bits after watermarking for better visual quality. Experimental results show that, the DPBA scheme has the highest information embedding capacity on all comparing schemes. The average compression ratio of the reversible SHCA scheme is up to 38.96%. The average distortion rates per accessed DPB for the proposed DPBA and SHCA schemes are 0.485 and 0.46, respectively.