The Journal of Machine Learning Research
Partially observable Markov decision processes for spoken dialog systems
Computer Speech and Language
Point-based value iteration: an anytime algorithm for POMDPs
IJCAI'03 Proceedings of the 18th international joint conference on Artificial intelligence
Learning dialogue POMDP models from data
Canadian AI'11 Proceedings of the 24th Canadian conference on Advances in artificial intelligence
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The SmartWheeler project aims at developing an intelligent wheelchair for handicapped people. In this paper, we model the dialogue manager of SmartWheeler in MDP and POMDP frameworks using its collected dialogues. First, we learn the model components of the dialogue MDP based on our previous works. Then, we extend the dialogue MDP to a dialogue POMDP, by proposing two observation models learned from dialogues: one based on learned keywords and the other based on learned intentions. The subsequent keyword POMDP and intention POMDP are compared based on accumulated mean reward in simulation runs. Our experimental results show that the quality of the intention model is significantly higher than the keyword one.