Dummynet: a simple approach to the evaluation of network protocols
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
GISMO: a Generator of Internet Streaming Media Objects and workloads
ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review
MediSyn: a synthetic streaming media service workload generator
NOSSDAV '03 Proceedings of the 13th international workshop on Network and operating systems support for digital audio and video
StreamGen: A Workload Generation Tool for Distributed Information Flow Applications
ICPP '04 Proceedings of the 2004 International Conference on Parallel Processing
Understanding user behavior in large-scale video-on-demand systems
Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGOPS/EuroSys European Conference on Computer Systems 2006
SWORD: scalable and flexible workload generator for distributed data processing systems
Proceedings of the 38th conference on Winter simulation
Acceptable strategies for improving web server performance
ATEC '04 Proceedings of the annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference
Understanding and addressing blocking-induced network server latency
ATEC '06 Proceedings of the annual conference on USENIX '06 Annual Technical Conference
Comparing the performance of web server architectures
Proceedings of the 2nd ACM SIGOPS/EuroSys European Conference on Computer Systems 2007
I tube, you tube, everybody tubes: analyzing the world's largest user generated content video system
Proceedings of the 7th ACM SIGCOMM conference on Internet measurement
Youtube traffic characterization: a view from the edge
Proceedings of the 7th ACM SIGCOMM conference on Internet measurement
Measurement, Modeling, and Analysis of Internet Video Sharing Site Workload: A Case Study
ICWS '08 Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE International Conference on Web Services
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Workload generation for YouTube
Multimedia Tools and Applications
Benchmarking cloud serving systems with YCSB
Proceedings of the 1st ACM symposium on Cloud computing
An analysis of Linux scalability to many cores
OSDI'10 Proceedings of the 9th USENIX conference on Operating systems design and implementation
FlexSC: flexible system call scheduling with exception-less system calls
OSDI'10 Proceedings of the 9th USENIX conference on Operating systems design and implementation
Watching Video over the Web: Part 1: Streaming Protocols
IEEE Internet Computing
A case for scaling applications to many-core with OS clustering
Proceedings of the sixth conference on Computer systems
Application flow control in YouTube video streams
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
BenchLab: an open testbed for realistic benchmarking of web applications
WebApps'11 Proceedings of the 2nd USENIX conference on Web application development
Understanding the impact of video quality on user engagement
Proceedings of the ACM SIGCOMM 2011 conference
YouTube everywhere: impact of device and infrastructure synergies on user experience
Proceedings of the 2011 ACM SIGCOMM conference on Internet measurement conference
Our troubles with Linux and why you should care
Proceedings of the Second Asia-Pacific Workshop on Systems
To chunk or not to chunk: implications for HTTP streaming video server performance
Proceedings of the 22nd international workshop on Network and Operating System Support for Digital Audio and Video
Our troubles with Linux Kernel upgrades and why you should care
ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review
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Recent increases in live and on-demand video streaming have dramatically changed the Internet landscape. In North America, Netflix alone accounts for 28% of all and 33% of peak downstream Internet traffic on fixed access links, with further rapid growth expected [26]. This increase in streaming traffic coincides with the steady adoption of HTTP for use in video streaming. Many streaming video providers, such as Apple, Adobe, Akamai, Netflix and Microsoft, now use HTTP to stream content [5]. Therefore, it is critical that we understand the impact of this emerging workload on web servers. Unlike other web content, a recent study [13] of streaming video shows that even small infrequent latency spikes, manifested as buffering related pauses, can result in shorter viewing times especially during live broadcasts. Unfortunately, no appropriate benchmarks exist to evaluate web servers under HTTP video streaming workloads. In this paper, we devise tools and methodologies for generating workloads and benchmarks for video streaming systems. We describe the difficulties encountered in trying to utilize existing workload characterization studies, motivate the need for workloads, and create example benchmarks. We use these benchmarks to examine the performance of three existing web servers (Apache, nginx, and userver). We find that simple modifications to userver provide promising and significant benefits on some representative streaming workloads. While these results warrant additional investigation, they demonstrate the need for and value of HTTP video streaming benchmarks in web server development.