Applications of keystroke analysis for improved login security and continuous user authentication
Information systems security
Authentication via keystroke dynamics
Proceedings of the 4th ACM conference on Computer and communications security
The keystroke-level model for user performance time with interactive systems
Communications of the ACM
Handbook of Applied Cryptography
Handbook of Applied Cryptography
User authentication through keystroke dynamics
ACM Transactions on Information and System Security (TISSEC)
Keystroke Analysis as a Method of Advanced User Authentication and Response
SEC '02 Proceedings of the IFIP TC11 17th International Conference on Information Security: Visions and Perspectives
Keystroke analysis of free text
ACM Transactions on Information and System Security (TISSEC)
Identity verification through dynamic keystroke analysis
Intelligent Data Analysis
Proceedings of the 2013 workshop on New security paradigms workshop
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Background. One revolutionary application of keystroke dynamics is continuous reauthentication: confirming a typist's identity during normal computer usage without interrupting the user. Aim. In laboratory evaluations, subjects are typically given transcription tasks rather than free composition (e.g., copying rather than composing text), because transcription is easier for subjects. This work establishes whether free and transcribed text produce equivalent evaluation results. Method. Twenty subjects completed comparable transcription and free-composition tasks; two keystroke-dynamics classifiers were implemented; each classifier was evaluated using both the free-composition and transcription samples. Results. Transcription hold and keydown-keydown times are 2--3 milliseconds slower than free-text features; t-tests showed these effects to be significant. However, these effects did not significantly change evaluation results. Conclusions. The additional difficulty of collecting freely composed text from subjects seems unnecessary; researchers are encouraged to continue using transcription tasks.