A digital signature scheme secure against adaptive chosen-message attacks
SIAM Journal on Computing - Special issue on cryptography
Arthur-Merlin games: a randomized proof system, and a hierarchy of complexity class
Journal of Computer and System Sciences - 17th Annual ACM Symposium in the Theory of Computing, May 6-8, 1985
Minimum disclosure proofs of knowledge
Journal of Computer and System Sciences - 27th IEEE Conference on Foundations of Computer Science October 27-29, 1986
Zero-knowledge proofs of identity
Journal of Cryptology
Multi-prover interactive proofs: how to remove intractability assumptions
STOC '88 Proceedings of the twentieth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
The knowledge complexity of interactive proof systems
SIAM Journal on Computing
Journal of the ACM (JACM)
On the power of multi-prover interactive protocols
Theoretical Computer Science
On the Composition of Zero-Knowledge Proof Systems
SIAM Journal on Computing
SIAM Journal on Computing
Foundations of Cryptography: Basic Tools
Foundations of Cryptography: Basic Tools
Modern Cryptography, Probabilistic Proofs, and Pseudorandomness
Modern Cryptography, Probabilistic Proofs, and Pseudorandomness
Two-Prover Protocols---Low Error at Affordable Rates
SIAM Journal on Computing
Zero Knowledge Proofs of Knowledge in Two Rounds
CRYPTO '89 Proceedings of the 9th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
On Defining Proofs of Knowledge
CRYPTO '92 Proceedings of the 12th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
Does Parallel Repetition Lower the Error in Computationally Sound Protocols?
FOCS '97 Proceedings of the 38th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science
An efficient parallel repetition theorem for Arthur-Merlin games
Proceedings of the thirty-ninth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
Theory and application of trapdoor functions
SFCS '82 Proceedings of the 23rd Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science
Random self-reducibility and zero knowledge interactive proofs of possession of information
SFCS '87 Proceedings of the 28th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science
Security preserving amplification of hardness
SFCS '90 Proceedings of the 31st Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science
Adaptive One-Way Functions and Applications
CRYPTO 2008 Proceedings of the 28th Annual conference on Cryptology: Advances in Cryptology
On the Composition of Public-Coin Zero-Knowledge Protocols
CRYPTO '09 Proceedings of the 29th Annual International Cryptology Conference on Advances in Cryptology
A Parallel Repetition Theorem for Any Interactive Argument
FOCS '09 Proceedings of the 2009 50th Annual IEEE Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science
On the concurrent composition of zero-knowledge proofs
EUROCRYPT'99 Proceedings of the 17th international conference on Theory and application of cryptographic techniques
Parallel repetition of computationally sound protocols revisited
TCC'07 Proceedings of the 4th conference on Theory of cryptography
Chernoff-type direct product theorems
CRYPTO'07 Proceedings of the 27th annual international cryptology conference on Advances in cryptology
General hardness amplification of predicates and puzzles
TCC'11 Proceedings of the 8th conference on Theory of cryptography
TCC'11 Proceedings of the 8th conference on Theory of cryptography
An efficient parallel repetition theorem
TCC'10 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Theory of Cryptography
Parallel repetition theorems for interactive arguments
TCC'10 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Theory of Cryptography
Almost optimal bounds for direct product threshold theorem
TCC'10 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Theory of Cryptography
Hardness amplification of weakly verifiable puzzles
TCC'05 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Theory of Cryptography
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We show a parallel-repetition theorem for constant-round Arthur-Merlin Proofs, using an efficient reduction. As a consequence, we show that parallel repetition reduces the soundness-error at an optimal rate (up to a negligible factor) in constant-round public-coin argument systems, and constant-round public-coin proofs of knowledge. The first of these results resolves an open question posed by Bellare, Impagliazzo, and Naor (FOCS’97).