Scalable computation for spatially scalable video coding using NVIDIA CUDA and multi-core CPU
MM '09 Proceedings of the 17th ACM international conference on Multimedia
Fast motion estimation on graphics hardware for H.264 video encoding
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
Reducing branch divergence in GPU programs
Proceedings of the Fourth Workshop on General Purpose Processing on Graphics Processing Units
A new diamond search algorithm for fast block-matching motion estimation
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
A new predictive search area approach for fast block motion estimation
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
A novel four-step search algorithm for fast block motion estimation
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
A new three-step search algorithm for block motion estimation
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
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Currently, even considering the recent advances in the microprocessor power computing, high definition multimedia applications still require very complex demands to allow real-time video encoding. Particularly, modern video encoders (MPEG/ITU H.26x series) depend of complex and computationally exhaustive motion estimation algorithms to identify and remove temporal redundancy among consecutive (or not) frames inside a video sequence, as strategy to reduce the final compressed bit rate. In fact, the mechanism of block matching can be considered the most critical encoder algorithm, in terms of computational demands, like it is responsible for searching, in distinct reference frames, for similar pixel blocks related with each one of the input image blocks. The number of required block comparisons for high definition videos represents a clear and important restriction for real-time implementations. This paper introduces an improved strategy of block matching method, which was optimized for multiprocessing execution, mainly focusing in implementation over general purpose graphical processing unit technologies, as the NVidia CUDA® GPUs. The improved motion estimation solution was implemented in the JSVM reference code (scalable version of H.264 video encoder), when it was registered a speed up gain of more than 350% in average for 4CIF videos.