Alignment-HMM-based extraction of abbreviations from biomedical text

  • Authors:
  • Dana Movshovitz-Attias;William W. Cohen

  • Affiliations:
  • Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA;Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA

  • Venue:
  • BioNLP '12 Proceedings of the 2012 Workshop on Biomedical Natural Language Processing
  • Year:
  • 2012

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Abstract

We present an algorithm for extracting abbreviation definitions from biomedical text. Our approach is based on an alignment HMM, matching abbreviations and their definitions. We report 98% precision and 93% recall on a standard data set, and 95% precision and 91% recall on an additional test set. Our results show an improvement over previously reported methods and our model has several advantages. Our model: (1) is simpler and faster than a comparable alignment-based abbreviation extractor; (2) is naturally generalizable to specific types of abbreviations, e.g., abbreviations of chemical formulas; (3) is trained on a set of unlabeled examples; and (4) associates a probability with each predicted definition. Using the abbreviation alignment model we were able to extract over 1.4 million abbreviations from a corpus of 200K full-text PubMed papers, including 455,844 unique definitions.