Adaptive protocols for information dissemination in wireless sensor networks
MobiCom '99 Proceedings of the 5th annual ACM/IEEE international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Directed diffusion: a scalable and robust communication paradigm for sensor networks
MobiCom '00 Proceedings of the 6th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
A two-tier data dissemination model for large-scale wireless sensor networks
Proceedings of the 8th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
SAFE: A Data Dissemination Protocol for Periodic Updates in Sensor Networks
ICDCSW '03 Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems
IEEE Communications Magazine
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Wireless sensor networks generally have three objects: sensors generating data, sinks gathering the data, and users that send queries and receive data via the sinks. In addition, the user and the sinks are mostly connected to each other by infrastructure networks. The users, however, should receive the data from the sinks through multi-hop communications between disseminated sensor nodes if such users move into the sensor networks without infrastructure networks. To support mobile users in wireless sensor network, previous work has studied various user mobility models. Nevertheless, such approaches are not compatible with the existing data-centric routing algorithms, and it is difficult for the mobile users to efficiently gather data from sensors due to their mobility. To improve the shortcomings, we propose a view of mobility for wireless sensor networks and propose a model to support a user mobility that is independent of sinks. The model is flexible regarding the number of sinks. Furthermore, it considers a situation in which there is no sink and user. The proposed model, finally, is evaluated by simulation of delivery ratio, latency, and network lifetime.