Elements of information theory
Elements of information theory
End-to-end packet delay and loss behavior in the internet
SIGCOMM '93 Conference proceedings on Communications architectures, protocols and applications
The end-to-end effects of Internet path selection
Proceedings of the conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communication
Equation-based congestion control for unicast applications
Proceedings of the conference on Applications, Technologies, Architectures, and Protocols for Computer Communication
Real-time voice communication over the internet using packet path diversity
MULTIMEDIA '01 Proceedings of the ninth ACM international conference on Multimedia
Wireless Communication
Rate-distortion Optimized Packet Scheduling and Routing for Media Streaming with Path Diversity
DCC '03 Proceedings of the Conference on Data Compression
Distributed media rate allocation in multipath networks
Image Communication
Rate-distortion optimized streaming of packetized media
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
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The paper studies the benefits of multi-path content delivery from a rate-distortion efficiency perspective. We develop an optimization framework for computing transmission schedules for streaming media packets over multiple network paths that maximize the end-to-end video quality, for the given bandwidth resources. We comprehensively address the two prospective scenarios of content delivery with packet path diversity. In the context of sender-driven systems, our framework enables the sender to compute at every transmission instance the mapping of packets to network paths that meets a rate constraint while minimizing the end-to-end distortion. In receiver-driven multi-path streaming, our framework enables the client to dynamically decide which packets, if any, to request for transmission and from which media servers, such that the end-to-end distortion is minimized for a given transmission rate constraint. Via simulation experiments, we carefully examine the performance of the scheduling framework in both multi-path delivery scenarios. We demonstrate that the optimization framework closely approaches the performance of an ideal streaming system working at channel capacity with an infinite play-out delay. We also show that the optimization leads to substantial gains in rate-distortion performance over a conventional content-agnostic scheduler. Through the concept of error-cost performance for streaming a single packet, we provide another useful insight into the operation of the optimization framework and the conventional scheduling system.