Analysis of presence-only data via semi-supervised learning approaches

  • Authors:
  • Junhui Wang;Yixin Fang

  • Affiliations:
  • Department of Mathematics, Statistics, and Computer Science, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, United States;Division of Biostatistics, School of Medicine, New York University, New York, NY 10016, United States

  • Venue:
  • Computational Statistics & Data Analysis
  • Year:
  • 2013

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Abstract

Presence-only data occur in a classification, which consist of a sample of observations from the presence class and a large number of background observations with unknown presence/absence. Since absence data are generally unavailable, conventional semi-supervised learning approaches are no longer appropriate as they tend to degenerate and assign all observations to the presence class. In this article, we propose a generalized class balance constraint, which can be equipped with semi-supervised learning approaches to prevent them from degeneration. Furthermore, to circumvent the difficulty of model tuning with presence-only data, a selection criterion based on classification stability is developed, which measures the robustness of any given classification algorithm against the sampling randomness. The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated through a variety of simulated examples, along with an application to gene function prediction.