IEEE Transactions on Computers
Context-Aware Performance Analysis for Efficient Embedded System Design
Proceedings of the conference on Design, automation and test in Europe - Volume 2
Timing constraints: theory meets practice
ISoLA'12 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Leveraging Applications of Formal Methods, Verification and Validation: applications and case studies - Volume Part II
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Real-time systems must meet, in addition to their functional requirements, requirements regarding their timing behavior. In the case of hard real-time systems, such requirements include the absence of deadline misses. In contrast, for soft real-time systems, a "reasonable" number of deadline misses may happen without leading to a system failure. The usual definition of what a "reasonable" number of deadline misses formally means is based on probability distributions. Another option is to use weakly-hard constraints, which describe bounds on the number of allowed deadline misses in a given time window. In this paper we show the interest of using weakly-hard constraints for other purposes than describing deadline misses, e.g. to describe execution times or jitter. We discuss in depth the semantics of weakly-hard constraints with an emphasis on how they can be inferred from other weakly-hard constraints and compared to probabilistic constraints.