Understanding the link between social and spatial distance in the crime world

  • Authors:
  • Mohammad A. Tayebi;Richard Frank;Uwe Glässer

  • Affiliations:
  • Simon Fraser University, British Columbia, Canada;Simon Fraser University, British Columbia, Canada;Simon Fraser University, British Columbia, Canada

  • Venue:
  • Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Advances in Geographic Information Systems
  • Year:
  • 2012

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Abstract

Individuals frequently have routine daily activities that require commuting between several places, such as their home, work, shopping centres and recreational facilities. According to Crime Pattern Theory, offenders most likely commit opportunistic crimes, including serial and violent crimes, within their Activity Space, that is the space that they visit most frequently during the course of their daily routine activities, since they are aware of the opportunities and risks within these spaces. However, others within the social network of an offender can introduce the offender to new opportunities outside of his Activity Space, a phenomenon that Crime Pattern Theory does not address. This paper explores an important and interesting question about social networks: What is the relation between social and spatial distance of actors? We study this question in the context of crime and co-offending networks to better understand the impact of an offender's social network on the Activity Space of the offender. Our experiments on real-life crime data show that there is a strong correlation between social and spatial distance of offenders: offenders who are socially close are also spatially close.