CDMA: principles of spread spectrum communication
CDMA: principles of spread spectrum communication
Optimum positioning of base stations for cellular radio networks
Wireless Networks
A polynomial-time approximation scheme for base station positioning in UMTS networks
DIALM '01 Proceedings of the 5th international workshop on Discrete algorithms and methods for mobile computing and communications
Generation of lower bounds for minimum span frequency assignment
Discrete Applied Mathematics
Wcdma for Umts
Comparison and evaluation of multiple objective genetic algorithms for the antenna placement problem
Mobile Networks and Applications
The infrastructure efficiency of cellular wireless networks
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Evolutionary Algorithm for the Radio Planning and Coverage Optimization of 3G Cellular Networks
CIS '09 Proceedings of the 2009 International Conference on Computational Intelligence and Security - Volume 02
Channel assignment schemes for cellular mobile telecommunication systems: A comprehensive survey
IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials
CDMA soft handoff analysis in the presence of power control error and shadowing correlation
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Planning UMTS base station location: optimization models with power control and algorithms
IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Research activities on UMTS radio interface, network architectures, and planning
IEEE Communications Magazine
Network planning for third-generation mobile radio systems
IEEE Communications Magazine
Soft handoff extends CDMA cell coverage and increases reverse link capacity
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
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Soft handover (SHO) is one of the fundamental features of code division multiple access (CDMA) systems such as universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS), and it is affected by the placement and density of cells. Inclusion of soft handover in optimization models for UMTS and CDMA cell site selection and configuration has previously been very limited but it is important for coverage because it can provide gain to the user. Some authors have excluded SHO on the basis of tractability while others have found that omitting SHO in planning gives adequate solutions. As such the incorporation of SHO remains an important component for definitive investigation in optimisation models for cell planning. In this paper we focus on the problem and effect of including SHO in cell planning optimisation. We introduce a new cell planning optimisation model that explicitly incorporates SHO and reduces computational complexity. Exact results can be obtained when the orthogonality factor is zero, while a conservative approximation of interference is used to generate lower bounds on coverage in the general case. We demonstrate the tractability of this model and show that it leads to improved lower bounds for coverage maximisation in network planning.