A radial basis function spike model for indirect learning via integrate-and-fire sampling and reconstruction techniques

Authors:
X. Zhang;G. Foderaro;C. Henriquez;A. M. J. VanDongen;S. Ferrari
Affiliations:
Laboratory for Intelligent Systems and Control, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC;Laboratory for Intelligent Systems and Control, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC;Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Computer Science, Duke University Durham, NC;Program in Neuroscience & Behavioral Disorders, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore, Singapore;Laboratory for Intelligent Systems and Control, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Duke University, Durham, NC
Venue:
Advances in Artificial Neural Systems - Special issue on Advances in Unsupervised Learning Techniques Applied to Biosciences and Medicine
Year:
2012

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Abstract

This paper presents a deterministic and adaptive spike model derived from radial basis functions and a leaky integrate-and-fire sampler developed for training spiking neural networks without direct weight manipulation. Several algorithms have been proposed for training spiking neural networks through biologically-plausible learning mechanisms, such as spike-timing dependent synaptic plasticity and Hebbian plasticity. These algorithms typically rely on the ability to update the synaptic strengths, or weights, directly, through a weight update rule in which the weight increment can be decided and implemented based on the training equations. However, in several potential applications of adaptive spiking neural networks, including neuroprosthetic devices and CMOS/memristor nanoscale neuromorphic chips, the weights cannot be manipulated directly and, instead, tend to change over time by virtue of the pre- and postsynaptic neural activity. This paper presents an indirect learning method that induces changes in the synaptic weights by modulating spike-timing-dependent plasticity by means of controlled input spike trains. In place of the weights, the algorithmmanipulates the input spike trains used to stimulate the input neurons by determining a sequence of spike timings that minimize a desired objective function and, indirectly, induce the desired synaptic plasticity in the network.