NSPW '97 Proceedings of the 1997 workshop on New security paradigms
Mitigating routing misbehavior in mobile ad hoc networks
MobiCom '00 Proceedings of the 6th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
The quest for security in mobile ad hoc networks
MobiHoc '01 Proceedings of the 2nd ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking & computing
Performance analysis of the CONFIDANT protocol
Proceedings of the 3rd ACM international symposium on Mobile ad hoc networking & computing
Ariadne: a secure on-demand routing protocol for ad hoc networks
Proceedings of the 8th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
An on-demand secure routing protocol resilient to byzantine failures
WiSE '02 Proceedings of the 1st ACM workshop on Wireless security
An Acknowledgment-Based Approach for the Detection of Routing Misbehavior in MANETs
IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing
Cooperative Black Hole Attack Prevention for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks
IEEC '09 Proceedings of the 2009 International Symposium on Information Engineering and Electronic Commerce
Association between nodes to combat blackhole attack in DSR based MANET
WOCN'09 Proceedings of the Sixth international conference on Wireless and Optical Communications Networks
Securing the Internet routing infrastructure
IEEE Communications Magazine
Routing security in wireless ad hoc networks
IEEE Communications Magazine
SCAN: self-organized network-layer security in mobile ad hoc networks
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
IEEE Network: The Magazine of Global Internetworking
Secure Video Transmission Against Black Hole Attack in MANETs
International Journal of Business Data Communications and Networking
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A Mobile Ad hoc Network MANET is a collection of wireless computers nodes communicating over multi-hop paths, without infrastructures such as base stations and access points. Nodes must cooperate to provide necessary network functionalities. The Dynamic Source Routing DSR protocol is a principal routing protocol in MANET, where security can be compromised by a "Black Hole" attack. In this attack, a malicious node claims to have the shortest path to the destination and attracts all traffic and drops all packets sent for forwarding, leading to performance degradation in the network. The situation becomes even more severe when two or more nodes cooperate and perform an attack called the "Cooperative Black Hole" attack. This article proposes a solution based on probing to identify and prevent such attacks. The proposed solution discovers a secure route between the source and destination by identifying and isolating both single and cooperative black holes, making the MANET resistant against such attacks. Simulation results show that the protocol provides better security and performance in terms of detection time, packet delivery ratio and false negative probability in comparison with trust and probe based schemes.