An integrating, transformation-oriented approach to concurrency control and undo in group editors
CSCW '96 Proceedings of the 1996 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
Operational transformation in real-time group editors: issues, algorithms, and achievements
CSCW '98 Proceedings of the 1998 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
Optimal locking integrated with operational transformation in distributed real-time group editors
Proceedings of the eighteenth annual ACM symposium on Principles of distributed computing
Reducing the problems of group undo
GROUP '99 Proceedings of the international ACM SIGGROUP conference on Supporting group work
Transactional information systems: theory, algorithms, and the practice of concurrency control and recovery
A Transaction Model for XML Databases
World Wide Web
Leveraging single-user applications for multi-user collaboration: the coword approach
CSCW '04 Proceedings of the 2004 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work
Formal design and verification of operational transformation algorithms for copies convergence
Theoretical Computer Science - Algebraic methodology and software technology
Data consistency for P2P collaborative editing
CSCW '06 Proceedings of the 2006 20th anniversary conference on Computer supported cooperative work
Context-Based Operational Transformation in Distributed Collaborative Editing Systems
IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems
Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Wikis and Open Collaboration
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Collaboration on documents has been supported for several decades through a variety of systems and tools; recently a renewed interest is apparent through the appearance of new collaborative editors and applications. Some distributed groupware systems are plug-ins for standalone word processors while others have a purely web-based existence. Most exemplars of the new breed of systems are based on Operational Transformations, although some are using traditional version management tools and still others utilize document-level locking techniques. All existing techniques have their drawbacks, creating opportunities for new methods. The authors present a novel collaborative technique for documents which is based on transactions, schedulers, conflicts, and locks. It is not meant to replace existing techniques; rather, it can be used in specific situations where a strict form of concurrency control is required. While the approach of presentation in this article is highly formal with an emphasis on proving desirable properties such as guaranteed correctness, the work is part of a project which aims to fully implement the technique.