An algorithm for drawing general undirected graphs
Information Processing Letters
Graph drawing by force-directed placement
Software—Practice & Experience
Embedding planar graphs on the grid
SODA '90 Proceedings of the first annual ACM-SIAM symposium on Discrete algorithms
A force-directed algorithm that preserves edge-crossing properties
Information Processing Letters - Special issue analytical theory of fuzzy control with applications
An Experimental Comparison of Force-Directed and Randomized Graph Drawing Algorithms
GD '95 Proceedings of the Symposium on Graph Drawing
JIGGLE: Java Interactive Graph Layout Environment
GD '98 Proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Graph Drawing
An Experimental Study on Distance-Based Graph Drawing
Graph Drawing
Topology Preserving Constrained Graph Layout
Graph Drawing
Uniform random sampling of planar graphs in linear time
Random Structures & Algorithms
Topology-driven force-directed algorithms
GD'10 Proceedings of the 18th international conference on Graph drawing
GD'09 Proceedings of the 17th international conference on Graph Drawing
Centrality based visualization of small world graphs
EuroVis'08 Proceedings of the 10th Joint Eurographics / IEEE - VGTC conference on Visualization
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Spring embedders are conceptually simple and produce straight-line drawings with an undeniable aesthetic appeal, which explains their prevalence when it comes to automated graph drawing. However, when drawing planar graphs, spring embedders often produce non-plane drawings, as edge crossings do not factor into the objective function being minimized. On the other hand, there are fairly straight-forward algorithms for creating plane straight-line drawings for planar graphs, but the resulting layouts generally are not aesthetically pleasing, as vertices are often grouped in small regions and edges lengths can vary dramatically. It is known that the initial layout influences the output of a spring embedder, and yet a random layout is nearly always the default. We study the effect of using various plane initial drawings as an inputs to a spring embedder, measuring the percent improvement in reducing crossings and in increasing node separation, edge length uniformity, and angular resolution.