The Existence of Homomorphisms to Oriented Cycles

  • Authors:
  • Pavol Hell;Xuding Zhu

  • Affiliations:
  • -;-

  • Venue:
  • SIAM Journal on Discrete Mathematics
  • Year:
  • 1995

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Abstract

We discuss the existence of homomorphisms of arbitrary digraphs to a fixed oriented cycle $C$. Our main result asserts that if the cycle $C$ is unbalanced then a digraph $G$ is homomorphic to $C$ if and only if (1) every oriented path homomorphic to $G$ is also homomorphic to $C$, and (2) the length of every cycle of $G$ is a multiple of the length of $C$. This answers a conjecture from an earlier paper with H. Zhou and generalizes a result proved there. We also show that this characterization does not hold for balanced cycles. We relate these results to work on the complexity of homomorphism problems.