Experimentation in software engineering: an introduction
Experimentation in software engineering: an introduction
Investigating the Defect Detection Effectiveness and Cost Benefit of Nominal Inspection Teams
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
An Experimental Evaluation of Inspection and Testing for Detection of Design Faults
ISESE '03 Proceedings of the 2003 International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering
Understanding the Impact of Assumptions on Experimental Validity
ISESE '04 Proceedings of the 2004 International Symposium on Empirical Software Engineering
A Survey of Controlled Experiments in Software Engineering
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Perspective-Based Reading: A Replicated Experiment Focused on Individual Reviewer Effectiveness
Empirical Software Engineering
Evaluating Pair Programming with Respect to System Complexity and Programmer Expertise
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Information and Software Technology
Simulating families of studies to build confidence in defect hypotheses
Information and Software Technology
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Context: During the planning phase of an experiment, the threats to validity must be identified in order to assess their impact over the data. In addition, the actions to address these threats must be defined (if possible). Objective: This paper proposes a conceptual model which contains the relationships between threats to validity and actions to address them. Method: A Systematic Literature Review was conducted to collect data for building the conceptual model. We identified 166 papers published in nine journals and four conferences that reported threats to validity in controlled experiments. Results: We identified 39 threats to internal validity (95 actions to address them), 9 to external validity (23 actions to address them), 10 to construct validity (21 actions to address them), and 8 to conclusion validity (19 actions to address them). Conclusion: By presenting this conceptual model, we intend to assist novice researchers in identifying and addressing the threats to validity of empirical studies.