A4S: A user-friendly graphical tool for pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) simulation

  • Authors:
  • Massimiliano Germani;Francesca Del Bene;Maurizio Rocchetti;Piet H. Van Der Graaf

  • Affiliations:
  • Pharmacokinetics and Modeling, Accelera S.r.l., Viale Pasteur 10, 20014 Nerviano (MI), Italy;Pharmacokinetics and Modeling, Accelera S.r.l., Viale Pasteur 10, 20014 Nerviano (MI), Italy;Pharmacokinetics and Modeling, Accelera S.r.l., Viale Pasteur 10, 20014 Nerviano (MI), Italy;Pfizer, Pharmacometrics, Global Clinical Pharmacology, Sandwich CT13 9NJ, UK

  • Venue:
  • Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine
  • Year:
  • 2013

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Abstract

Effective communication of PK/PD principles and results in a biomedical research environment remains a significant challenge which can result in lack of buy-in and engagement from scientists outside the modeling and simulation communities. In our view, one of the barriers in this area is a lack of user-friendly tools which allow ''non experts'' to use PK/PD models without the need to develop technical skills and expertise in advanced mathematical principles and specialist software. The costs of commercial software may also prevent large-scale distribution. One attempt to address this issue internally in our research organizations has resulted in the development of the A4S (''Accelera for Sandwich'') software, which is a simple-to-use, menu-drive Matlab-based PK/PD simulator targeted at biomedical researchers with little PK/PD experience.