The active badge location system
ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS)
The Cricket location-support system
MobiCom '00 Proceedings of the 6th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
LANDMARC: indoor location sensing using active RFID
Wireless Networks - Special issue: Pervasive computing and communications
WALRUS: wireless acoustic location with room-level resolution using ultrasound
Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Mobile systems, applications, and services
An Indoor Localization Mechanism Using Active RFID Tag
SUTC '06 Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Sensor Networks, Ubiquitous, and Trustworthy Computing -Vol 1 (SUTC'06) - Volume 01
BeepBeep: a high accuracy acoustic ranging system using COTS mobile devices
Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
EnTracked: energy-efficient robust position tracking for mobile devices
Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Mobile systems, applications, and services
SurroundSense: mobile phone localization via ambience fingerprinting
Proceedings of the 15th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Indoor localization using improved RSS-based lateration methods
GLOBECOM'09 Proceedings of the 28th IEEE conference on Global telecommunications
Energy-accuracy trade-off for continuous mobile device location
Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Mobile systems, applications, and services
Did you see Bob?: human localization using mobile phones
Proceedings of the sixteenth annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Mobile systems, applications, and services
Ranging in a dense multipath environment using an UWB radio link
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
Centaur: locating devices in an office environment
Proceedings of the 18th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
Push the limit of WiFi based localization for smartphones
Proceedings of the 18th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
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Using smartphones for accurate indoor localization opens a new frontier of mobile services, offering enormous opportunities to enhance users' experiences in indoor environments. Despite significant efforts on indoor localization in both academia and industry in the past two decades, highly accurate and practical smartphone-based indoor localization remains an open problem. To enable indoor location-based services (ILBS), there are several stringent requirements for an indoor localization system: highly accurate that can differentiate massive users' locations (foot-level); no additional hardware components or extensions on users' smartphones; scalable to massive concurrent users. Current GPS, Radio RSS (e.g. WiFi, Bluetooth, ZigBee), or Fingerprinting based solutions can only achieve meter-level or room-level accuracy. In this paper, we propose a practical and accurate solution that fills the long-lasting gap of smartphone-based indoor localization. Specifically, we design and implement an indoor localization ecosystem Guoguo. Guoguo consists of an anchor network with a coordination protocol to transmit modulated localization beacons using high-band acoustic signals, a realtime processing app in a smartphone, and a backend server for indoor contexts and location-based services. We further propose approaches to improve its coverage, accuracy, and location update rate with low-power consumption. Our prototype shows centimeter-level localization accuracy in an office and classroom environment. Such precise indoor localization is expected to have high impact in the future ILBS and our daily activities.