Twenty years of eye typing: systems and design issues
ETRA '02 Proceedings of the 2002 symposium on Eye tracking research & applications
Low-cost gaze interaction: ready to deliver the promises
CHI '09 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Real-time eye gaze tracking with an unmodified commodity webcam employing a neural network
CHI '10 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Evaluating eye tracking with ISO 9241 - part 9
HCI'07 Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Human-computer interaction: intelligent multimodal interaction environments
EyePhone: activating mobile phones with your eyes
Proceedings of the second ACM SIGCOMM workshop on Networking, systems, and applications on mobile handhelds
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This paper describes the design, implementation, and usability evaluation of a neural network based eye tracking system on an unmodified common tablet and discusses the challenges and implications of neural networks as an eye tracking component on a mobile platform. We objectively and subjectively evaluate the usability and performance tradeoffs of calibration, one of the fundamental components of eye tracking. The described system obtained an average spatial accuracy of 3.95° and an average temporal resolution of 0.65 Hz during trials. Results indicate that an increased neural network training set may be utilized to increase spatial accuracy, at the cost of greater physical effort and fatigue.