Modeling the Shape of the Scene: A Holistic Representation of the Spatial Envelope
International Journal of Computer Vision
Depth Estimation from Image Structure
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Scene-Centered Description from Spatial Envelope Properties
BMCV '02 Proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Biologically Motivated Computer Vision
A Bayesian Hierarchical Model for Learning Natural Scene Categories
CVPR '05 Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05) - Volume 2 - Volume 02
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
A Limit to the Speed of Processing in Ultra-Rapid Visual Categorization of Novel Natural Scenes
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Semantic Modeling of Natural Scenes for Content-Based Image Retrieval
International Journal of Computer Vision
Tms to the lateral occipital cortex disrupts object processing but facilitates scene processing
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
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Traditionally, it has been theorized that the human visual system identifies and classifies scenes in an object-centered approach, such that scene recognition can only occur once key objects within a scene are identified. Recent research points toward an alternative approach, suggesting that the global image features of a scene are sufficient for the recognition and categorization of a scene. We have previously shown that disrupting object processing with repetitive TMS to object-selective cortex enhances scene processing possibly through a release of inhibitory mechanisms between object and scene pathways [Mullin, C. R., & Steeves, J. K. E. TMS to the lateral occipital cortex disrupts object processing but facilitates scene processing. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 23, 4174-4184, 2011]. Here we show the effects of TMS to the transverse occipital sulcus TOS, an area implicated in scene perception, on scene and object processing. TMS was delivered to the TOS or the vertex control site while participants performed an object and scene natural/nonnatural categorization task. Transiently interrupting the TOS resulted in significantly lower accuracies for scene categorization compared with control conditions. This demonstrates a causal role of the TOS in scene processing and indicates its importance, in addition to the parahippocampal place area and retrosplenial cortex, in the scene processing network. Unlike TMS to object-selective cortex, which facilitates scene categorization, disrupting scene processing through stimulation of the TOS did not affect object categorization. Further analysis revealed a higher proportion of errors for nonnatural scenes that led us to speculate that the TOS may be involved in processing the higher spatial frequency content of a scene. This supports a nonhierarchical model of scene recognition.