httperf—a tool for measuring web server performance
ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review
Xen and the art of virtualization
SOSP '03 Proceedings of the nineteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Diagnosing performance overheads in the xen virtual machine environment
Proceedings of the 1st ACM/USENIX international conference on Virtual execution environments
QEMU, a fast and portable dynamic translator
ATEC '05 Proceedings of the annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference
Inter-domain socket communications supporting high performance and full binary compatibility on Xen
Proceedings of the fourth ACM SIGPLAN/SIGOPS international conference on Virtual execution environments
Virtual machine aware communication libraries for high performance computing
Proceedings of the 2007 ACM/IEEE conference on Supercomputing
XenLoop: a transparent high performance inter-vm network loopback
HPDC '08 Proceedings of the 17th international symposium on High performance distributed computing
XenSocket: a high-throughput interdomain transport for virtual machines
Proceedings of the ACM/IFIP/USENIX 2007 International Conference on Middleware
A Survey on I/O Virtualization and Optimization
CHINAGRID '10 Proceedings of the The Fifth Annual ChinaGrid Conference
Optimizing virtual machines using hybrid virtualization
Proceedings of the 2011 ACM Symposium on Applied Computing
Analysis of Virtualization Technologies for High Performance Computing Environments
CLOUD '11 Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE 4th International Conference on Cloud Computing
CLUSTER '11 Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE International Conference on Cluster Computing
Optimizing overlay-based virtual networking through optimistic interrupts and cut-through forwarding
SC '12 Proceedings of the International Conference on High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis
Generalized resource allocation for the cloud
Proceedings of the Third ACM Symposium on Cloud Computing
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Driven by rapid development of cloud computing, virtualized environments are becoming popular in data center. Frequent communication among multiple virtual machines is required by a large amount of applications. Although many virtualization acceleration techniques have been proposed, the network performance is still a hot research topic due to the complicated and costly implementations of I/O virtualization mechanism. Some previous research focuses on improving the efficiency of communication among virtual machines in the same host. But studying how to accelerate cross-node virtual machine communication is also necessary. On the other hand, many high efficient, tight-coupling interconnects have been proposed as data center interconnects. They have advantages in performance and efficiency, while traditional Ethernet and InfiniBand have good scalability. However, these two kinds of interconnects can coexist very well. Tight-coupling protocol is suitable for connecting small-scale data center nodes, which we call super-node, while super-node is connected by traditional interconnect. In our opinion, data center with such hybrid interconnect architecture is one of important trends. Targeting the hybrid interconnect architecture, this paper proposes an efficient mechanism, named as TCNet (abbreviation for tight-coupling network), to accelerate cross-node virtual machine communication. To verify the acceleration mechanism, we build a prototype system which chooses PCIe (for inner-super-node interconnect) and Ethernet (for inter-super-node interconnect) as the hybrid interconnect and use KVM as software environments. We use several benchmarks to evaluate the mechanism. The latency of TCNet is 23% shorter than that of Gigabit Ethernet on average and the bandwidth is 1.14 times as large as that of Gigabit Ethernet on average. Besides, we use Specweb2006 to evaluate its web service ability. TCNet can support 20% more clients simultaneously than that of Ethernet and response requests 19% faster. The results demonstrate that TCNet has great potential to accelerate cross-node virtual machine communication for data center with hybrid interconnect.