Querying XML Documents Made Easy: Nearest Concept Queries
Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on Data Engineering
DataGuides: Enabling Query Formulation and Optimization in Semistructured Databases
VLDB '97 Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Very Large Data Bases
XRANK: ranked keyword search over XML documents
Proceedings of the 2003 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
Efficient keyword search for smallest LCAs in XML databases
Proceedings of the 2005 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
Identifying meaningful return information for XML keyword search
Proceedings of the 2007 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
Assisted querying using instant-response interfaces
Proceedings of the 2007 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
XSEarch: a semantic search engine for XML
VLDB '03 Proceedings of the 29th international conference on Very large data bases - Volume 29
VLDB '04 Proceedings of the Thirtieth international conference on Very large data bases - Volume 30
Effective keyword search for valuable lcas over xml documents
Proceedings of the sixteenth ACM conference on Conference on information and knowledge management
Proceedings of the VLDB Endowment
Effective XML Keyword Search with Relevance Oriented Ranking
ICDE '09 Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE International Conference on Data Engineering
Effective, design-independent XML keyword search
Proceedings of the 18th ACM conference on Information and knowledge management
Return specification inference and result clustering for keyword search on XML
ACM Transactions on Database Systems (TODS)
Suggestion of promising result types for XML keyword search
Proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Extending Database Technology
Using structural information in XML keyword search effectively
ACM Transactions on Database Systems (TODS)
XClean: Providing valid spelling suggestions for XML keyword queries
ICDE '11 Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE 27th International Conference on Data Engineering
Keyword-based search and exploration on databases
ICDE '11 Proceedings of the 2011 IEEE 27th International Conference on Data Engineering
Returning Clustered Results for Keyword Search on XML Documents
IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering
Narrowed extended XPath i (NEXI)
INEX'04 Proceedings of the Third international conference on Initiative for the Evaluation of XML Retrieval
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Keyword search on XML documents has received considerable research interests recently. Most existing methods put their emphases on the document side, and focus on how to utilize structural properties of XML documents to produce better search results, more effective ranking methods, or more efficient algorithms. However, effective XML search requires a full understanding of not only XML documents but also XML keyword queries, whereas little attention has been paid to the latter. In this paper, we focus on the query side of XML keyword search instead of the document side. We show that keyword queries have structures, and define a concept called keyword query with structure (QWS) to capture query structure. As query structure provides hints about the intent of the query, it can be used to improve the quality of the search results. We exploit some key observations to characterize the structure in a keyword query and show how to refine search results with the assistance of query structure. In order to take the benefits of query structure, we design a query processing approach to produce results given a keyword query. It first derives some QWSs based on heuristics, and computes results of these queries, then expands the results if needed. We implement the proposed methods and conduct comprehensive experiments. Experimental results verify the effectiveness of our methods.