Emergence: from chaos to order
Emergence: from chaos to order
An Architecture-Based Approach to Self-Adaptive Software
IEEE Intelligent Systems
The Vision of Autonomic Computing
Computer
The K-Component Architecture Meta-model for Self-Adaptive Software
REFLECTION '01 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Metalevel Architectures and Separation of Crosscutting Concerns
Feedback Control of Computing Systems
Feedback Control of Computing Systems
On the Systems Engineering and Management of Systems of Systems and Federations of Systems
Information-Knowledge-Systems Management
Self-Managed Systems: an Architectural Challenge
FOSE '07 2007 Future of Software Engineering
DEUCON: Decentralized End-to-End Utilization Control for Distributed Real-Time Systems
IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems
Performance Model Estimation and Tracking Using Optimal Filters
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Software Engineering for Self-Adaptive Systems: A Research Roadmap
Software Engineering for Self-Adaptive Systems
Ensuring interoperable service-oriented systems through engineered self-healing
Proceedings of the the 7th joint meeting of the European software engineering conference and the ACM SIGSOFT symposium on The foundations of software engineering
Dynamic QoS Management and Optimization in Service-Based Systems
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Reinforcement learning in feedback control
Machine Learning
FORMS: Unifying reference model for formal specification of distributed self-adaptive systems
ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems (TAAS) - Special section on formal methods in pervasive computing, pervasive adaptation, and self-adaptive systems: Models and algorithms
Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Autonomic computing
Supporting adaptation of decentralized software based on application scenarios
Journal of Systems and Software
Guaranteeing robustness in a mobile learning application using formally verified MAPE loops
Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on Software Engineering for Adaptive and Self-Managing Systems
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A system of systems (SoS) integrates independently useful systems into a larger system. Examples are integrated surveillance systems and networked smart homes. A SoS offers functions to users that cannot be provided by its individual parts, but emerge as a combination of these. However, providing these functions with a required level of quality is difficult due to inherent uncertainties, such as systems that attach and detach at will and faults that are difficult to predict. Self-adaptation is a well-studied approach that enables a system to reason about itself and adapt to achieve particular quality objectives in the face of uncertainties and change. However, the inherently decentralized nature of SoS raises fundamental challenges to self-adaptation. This paper presents three architectural styles to realize self-adaptation in SoS, discusses key challenges for each style, and outlines starting points that could help to tackle these challenges.