Asymptotic Simulation Efficiency Based on Large Deviations

  • Authors:
  • Peter W. Glynn;Sandeep Juneja

  • Affiliations:
  • Stanford University;Tata Institute of Fundamental Research

  • Venue:
  • ACM Transactions on Modeling and Computer Simulation (TOMACS)
  • Year:
  • 2013

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Abstract

Consider a simulation estimator α(c) based on expending c units of computer time to estimate a quantity α. In comparing competing estimators for α, a natural figure of merit is to choose the estimator that minimizes the computation time needed to reduce the error probability P(|α(c) − α|  ε) to below some prescribed value δ. In this paper, we develop large deviations results that provide approximations to the computational budget necessary to reduce the error probability to below δ when δ is small. This approximation depends critically on both the distribution of the estimator itself and that of the random amount of computer time required to generate the estimator, and leads to different conclusions regarding the choice of preferred estimator than those obtained when one requires the error tolerance ε to be small. The “small ε” regime leads to variance-based selection criteria, and has a long history in the simulation literature going back to Hammersley and Handscomb.