IHW '01 Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Information Hiding
Steganography in Compressed Video Stream
ICICIC '06 Proceedings of the First International Conference on Innovative Computing, Information and Control - Volume 1
Compressed domain video watermarking in motion vector
KES'05 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Knowledge-Based Intelligent Information and Engineering Systems - Volume Part II
Decode-Time Forensic Watermarking of AAC Bitstreams
IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security
Digital Video Steganalysis Exploiting Statistical Visibility in the Temporal Domain
IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security
Data hiding in image and video .I. Fundamental issues and solutions
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Data hiding in image and video .II. Designs and applications
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
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In this research, we consider exploiting the large volume of audio/video data streams in compressed video clips/files for effective steganography. By observing that most of the distributed video files employ H.264 Advanced Video Coding (AVC) and MPEG Advanced Audio Coding (AAC) for video/audio compression, we examine the coding features in these data streams to determine appropriate data for modification so that the reliable high-volume information hiding can be achieved. Such issues as the perceptual quality, compressed bit-stream length, payload of embedding, effectiveness of extraction and efficiency of execution will be taken into consideration. First, the effects of using different coding features are investigated separately and three embedding profiles, i.e. High, Medium and Low, which indicate the amount of payload, will then be presented. The High profile is used to embed the maximum amount of hidden information when the high payload is the only major concern in the target application. The Medium profile is recommended since it is designed to achieve a good balance among several requirements. The Low profile is an efficient implementation for faster information embedding. The performances of these three profiles are reported and the suggested Medium profile can hide more than 10% of the compressed video file size in common Flash Video (FLV) files.