A pseudo-random bit generator based on elliptic logarithms
Proceedings on Advances in cryptology---CRYPTO '86
Identity-Based Encryption from the Weil Pairing
SIAM Journal on Computing
Distributed private-key generators for identity-based cryptography
SCN'10 Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Security and cryptography for networks
Chipping away at censorship firewalls with user-generated content
USENIX Security'10 Proceedings of the 19th USENIX conference on Security
Telex: anticensorship in the network infrastructure
SEC'11 Proceedings of the 20th USENIX conference on Security
Cirripede: circumvention infrastructure using router redirection with plausible deniability
Proceedings of the 18th ACM conference on Computer and communications security
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The use of public-key steganography has been proposed for several censorship-resistance systems. However, distribution of the employed public keys presents an availability, scalability, and security challenge in many of these. To mitigate this problem, we introduce the notion of identity-based steganography. In particular, we define identity-based steganographic tagging (IBST), which allows a sender to produce a steganographic tag for a recipient's identity such that the tag can only be recognized by the intended recipient using her (identity-based) private key. We instantiate our definition by an efficient IBST scheme, provably secure under the bilinear decisional Diffie-Hellman assumption. We find IBST to be particularly useful when the censors are able to impede distribution of cryptographic keys or break forward security by compromising system agents. As two representative applications of IBST to censorship resistance systems, we first present an efficient and dynamic solution for the key distribution problem in Collage and second, we demonstrate that IBST can improve the scalability of Message in a Bottle.